CHAPTER 12 - CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER XII - CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS
SEC I - 1. INTRODUCTION.
SEC I - 2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES.
SEC II - GEOGRAPHIC SIGNS.
SEC III - MILITARY SIGNS.
ARMY MAP SIGNS.
a. Army signs: Common to all arms.
b. Army signs: Infantry.
c. Army signs: Cavalry.
d. Army signs: Artillery.
e. Army signs: Engineers.
f. Army signs: Air, antiaircraft, and meteorological.
g. Army signs: Armored forces.
h. Army signs: Field works.
i. Army signs: Railway.
j. Army signs: Shipping.
k. Army signs: Signal.
l. Army signs: Transport, supply, and medical services.
m. Army signs: Lines of communications.
n. Army signs: Siege and fortress defense.

NAVY SIGNS.
a. Navy signs: Bases, anchorages.
b. Navy signs: ships, personnel.
c. Navy signs: Air.
d. Navy signs: Fortifications, miscellaneous installations.
3. Navy signs: Special naval landing forces.
SEC IV - MILITARY ABBREVIATIONS.
1. ARMY ABBREVIATIONS.
2. NAVY ABBREVIATIONS.
CHAPTER XIII - MILITARY TERMS AND CHARACTERS
1. TERMS & CHARACTERS - ORGANIZATIONS AND UNITS.
2. TERMS & CHARACTERS - ARMS AND SERVICES.
3. TERMS & CHARACTERS - RANKS AND GRADES.
4. TERMS & CHARACTERS - WEAPONS.
5. TERMS & CHARACTERS - MISCELLANEOUS.
6. JAPANESE ENGLISH DICTIONARY.
APPENDIX - SUPPLEMENTAL DATA
1. JAPANESE YEAR DATES.
2. JAPANESE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
3. JAPANESE METHODS OF NUMBERING MILITARY WEAPONS.

CHAPTER XII - CONVENTIONAL MAP SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Section I. INTRODUCTION

1. SOURCES.

a. The geographis sigrns included under paragraph 1 of the next section are selected from those appearing on maps of the Japanese Empire prepared by the Imperial Land Survey Department. Variant or supplmnentary signs used by the Japanese Hydrographic Office are listed in paragraph 2.

b. The military signs and abbreviations included under sections III and IV have been selected from Supplement No. l of Japanese Field Service Regulations (Military signs), August l940 (Sakusen Yomurei Furoku Sono Ichi, Guntai fugo), and are supplemented by information from other sources. The grouping of the Army signs follows that adopted by the Japanese; the Navy and Special naval Landing Force signs are arranged arbitrarily. The abbreviations are arranged alphabetically.

2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES.

a. Military signs.

(1) General.
A study of Lhe list o{ Japanese military signs will reveal certain basic signs and principles, a knowledge oi which will aid in the interpretation of the signs. It is emphasized, however, that the Japanese do not exhibit a great degree of consistency in the fomation of their signs. Furthermore certain signs considered obsolete may recur, and individual initiative in the drawing of extemporary signs, with explanatory notes if considered necessary, is condoned by the Japanese.

(2) Basic sign.
Examples of basic signs follow:

, field artillery;

, cavalry;

, engineers;

, air (army);

, air (navy);

, tank;

, shipping;

, signal;

, radio;

(3) Headquarters.
Headquarters, down to the battalion level inclusive, usually are distinguished by flags and/or circles. Brigade or group heaquarters, however, are indicated by six-pointed stars

. The appropriate basic sign may be added to indicate the arm. For example:

area army headquarters;

, division headquaters;

, cavalry brigade headquarters

, infantry battalion headquarters;

, field artillery regimental headquarters.

(4) Units.
The normal method of designating units is by adding a rectangle below the sign (in full or abbreviated) of the particular arm or weapon.

For example;

, medium mortar,

, medium mortar unit;

, engineer (basic sign),

, engineer unit (an exception to this principle should be noted:

, field artillery,

, field artillery ammunition train).

(5) Motorization.
In order to show that a unit is motorized, two rings (representing wheels) are added either below or at the side of the particular sign. For example:

, field artillery ammunition train,

, field artillery ammunitino train, motorized.

(6) Compound signs.
Basic signs such as those described above may be combined into compound signs. For example

antiaircraft artillery regimental headquarters.

(7) Classification.
An appropriate symbol, number, or abbreviation (either English letters, "Kana", or characters) may be added to a sign when it is necessary further to classify the unit or equipment indicated by the sign. For example:

, mobile ground radio station,

, No 3 type mobile ground radio station;

, ship (general).

water supply ship (the character included means "water"),

, armed ship;

motor truck,

, repair truck,

, truck loaded with machine guns;

, tank

light tank. The most common of such examples are noted on the list of signs.

(8) Boundaries, directions.
Boundaries of districts or limits of fortified areas are shown by lines; directions of shooting, points of attack, and changes of direction of troops are shown by arrows.

b. Military abbreviations.

(1) English letters, both capital and small, normally used in military abbreviations.

(2) The basic army abbreviations appear in most cases to be derived from German words and, in the case of most recent additions, romanized forms of Japanese words. For example:

BA (Bergartillerie), mountain artillery;
ScE (Sempaku eiseitai hombu), shipping medical unit headquarters.

(3) Naval abbreviations are derived largely from English words and less frequently from romanized forms of Japanese words. For example:

BC, battle cruiser;
edg, comnined destroyer group;
AtB (Attached "butai"), attached force.

c. Numbers.
The numbers of units and weapons are shown by placing the appropriate figure, either Arabic or Japanese, with necessary additions, in parentheses after the particular sign or abbreviation. For example:

(2), two airplanes; A

three battalions of field artillery (two characters in parentheses are, respectively, "three" and the first character of the Japanese word for "Battalion").

d. Identification

(1) When it is necessary to distinguish between enemy and friendly forces, the Japanese show signs for the former in red, for the latter in blue.

(2) In indicating the organizational numbers of units, Arabic numerals usually are used for all units except battalions, for which Roman numerals are used. The number of the lower unit precedes that of the higher organizations of which it is a part, the two being separated by a slanting line. For example:

18 P, the 18th Engineers;
III/2i, 3d Battalion of the 2d Infantry Regiment.
II St/1A,
2d Battalion Ammunition Train of the 1st Field Artillery Regiment.

(3) Platoons and sections usually are shown as fractions of a company. For example:

1/4 2/1P. 1 platoon of th e2d Company of the 1st Engineer Regiment;
1/16 2/5i, 1 section of the 2d Company of the 5th Infantry Regiment.

(4) Missing units of an organization are indicated by numerals preceded by a minus sign, in parentheses. Units attached to an organization are shown similarly with a plus instead of a minus sign. For example:

2i (-7.8), 2d Infantry Regiment less the 7th and 8th Companies;
1 (+iP)/2i, 1st Company, plus a labor unit of the 2d Infantry Regiment.

SECTION II. WWII JAPANESE GEOGRAPHIC MAP SIGNS

1. IMPERIAL LAND SURVEY DEPARTMENT SIGNS.

Num	Symbol	Description	Num	Symbol	Description
1		Navy lookout tower	51		Battalion headquarters and garrison
2		Factory	52		Regimental headquarters
3		Bank	53		Naval station
4		Powder magazine	54		Secondary naval station
5		Water wheel or mill	55		Naval camp
6		Generating plant	56		Army camp
7		Masonry wall	57		Shipyard
8		Fences	58		Prefectural seat
9		bamboo fences	59		Sub-prefectural island office or gun seat
10		Stone wall	60		City office
11		Stumps	61		Town, village or ward office
12		Isolated trees	62		School
13		Chimney	63		Hospital
14		Triangulation point - above wsea level	64		Isolation hospital
15		Secondary control point - Above sea level	65		Gendarmeria post
16		Bench mark - Above sea level	66		Police station
17		Spot elevation - Above sea level	67		Court of appeals
18		Old battlefield	68		Prison
19		Spring	69		Customs house
20		Tomb	70		Tax office
21		Castle site	71		Forestry office
22		Volcano	72		Mining office
23		Earthen wall	73		Government monopoly bureau office or factory
24		Hedge	74		Office of maritime affairs
25		Cemetery	75		Meteorological station
26		Ditches	76		Post office (with telegraph and telephone service)
27		Ditches	77		Post office
28		Shrine gate	78		Telegraph office
29		Stone lantern	79		Telephone office
30		Monument	80		Province (obsolete)
31		Statue	81		Gun, shi or sub-prefectural
32		Signpost	82		Ward, Machi or Mura (A)Fixed (B)Approximate
33		Stone steps	83		Government lands
34		Crane	84		Property lines (A)Fixed (B)Approximate
35		Oil well	85		(A) Iron bridge (B) Wooden bridge (C) Foot bridge (D) Foot ford (E) Vehicular ford (F) Passenger ferry (single boat) (G) Passenger and horse ferry (two boats) (H) Steam ferry
36		Mineral spring	86		Height of bank
37		Material dump	87		Depth of water
38		Mine	88		Lighthouse
39		Boundary marker	89		Radio mast
40		Shrine	90		Warning signal
41		Temple	91		(A) Flower garden (B) Grove (C) Truck garden
42		Grave	92		(A) Orchard (B) Tea (C) Mulberry (D) Cultivated marsh (E) Irrigated rice field (F) Dry rice field
43		Pagoda	93		(A) Wild land (B) Palm (C) Bamboo (D) Conifers (E) Broad leaf trees (F) Grass land (G) Jungle
44		Church	94		Boat anchorage
45		Japanese government building	95		Ship anchorage
46		Foreign government building	96		Anchorage
47		Military reservation	97		Commercial port
48		Division headquarters	98		Fixed beacon
49		Brigade headquarters	99		Fixed beacon (lightless)
50		Fortress and defense headquarters	100		Buoy (lightless)

Table 2 - continued

Num	Symbol	Description	Num	Symbol	Description
101		National highway	108		Three uned roads: (A)Narrow (B)Wide
102		Main prefectural roads	109		Power lines along road: (A)Ordinary (B)High tension
103		More than 3 meters wide	110		Government railway: (A)Two tracks (B)Single track (C)Station
104		More than 2 meters wide	111		Feeder railways: (D)Double (E)Single
105		More than 1 meter wide	112		Boundaries: International
106		Less than 1 meter wide	113		Prefectural (A)Fixed (B)Approximate
107		Impassable for carts	114		(A) Cart (B) Rock outcropping (C) Scattered rock (D) Talus slope (E) Depression (F) Ravine, gully (G) Crumbling bank

2. JAPANESE HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE SIGNS

Signs listed are variant or supplementary to those in Paragraph 1 of this section; Japanese army shipping signs are listed in Paragraph 1, Section III of this chapter. Navy conventional signs in paragraph 2 of the same section.

Num	Symbol	Description	Num	Symbol	Description
1		Large harbor or anchorage	31		Drying coast line
2		Small harbor or anchorage	32		Sand beach
3		Anchorage for junks	33		Steep coast line
4		Ship entrance	34		Reef
5		Ship anchorage with facilities	35		10 fathom line (1 dot)
6		Ship anchorage	36		20 fathom line (2 dots)
7		Possible anchorage	37		50 fathom line (5 dots)
8		Emergency anchorage	38		Government landing field
9		Possible emergency anchorage	39		Commercial lanidng field
10		Lighthouse	40		Emergency landing field
11		Lightship	41		Seaplane anchorage with facilities
12		Lightbuoy	42		Seaplane anchorage
13		Mooring buoy	43		Possible seaplane anchorage
14		Buoys (in general drawn to represent the actual shape of the buoy)	44		Emergency seaplane anchorage
15		Light beacon, fixed.	45		Marine bureau
16		Flashing beacon: White	46		Coast guard station
17		Flashing beacon: Red	47		Lifeboat station
18		Flashing beacon: Green	48		Observation point
19		Flashing beacon: Amber	49		100 fathom line (10 dots)
20		Lighting facilities	50		Flood tide
21		Submarine cable	51		Ebb tie
22		Radio station	52		Ocean current (directional and speed)
23		Radio broadcasting station	53		River and stream Bridge Ferry
24		Obstruction	54		Waterfall
25		Tank (oil, gas or water)	55		Lake
26		Race track	56		Swamp and marsh
27		Golf links	57		Fortified and aviation prohibited zone
28		Temple, shrine	58		Civil air line
29		Imperial palace, garden, shrine, or mausoleum	59		High voltage transmission line
30		Coast line

SECTION III. MILITARY SIGNS

NOTE: The arrangement of the army signs follows that adopted by the Japanese, and is outlined below. The arrangement of the Navy and Special Naval Landing Force signs is arbitrary.

Army Signs		Paragraph I
	Common to all arms:
	Infantry,
	Cavalry,
	Artillery,
	Engineers,
	Air, Antiaircraft, and metereological,
	Armored forces,
	Field works,
	Railway,
	Shipping,
	Signal,
	Transport, supply, and medical services,
	Line of communications,
	Siege and fortress defense,
Navy Signs		Paragraph 2

Special Naval Landing Force Signs		Paragraph 3

1. ARMY SIGNS

a. Army Signs: Common to all arms.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Daibon-ei	Imperial headquarters
2		Sogun shireibu	General headquarters
3		Homengun shireibu	Area army headquarters
4		Gun shireibu	Army headquarters
5		Gundan shireibu	Corps headquarters (not part of the Japanese Army Organization).
6		Shidan shireibu	Division headquarters NOTE: If in the above signs (???) and (???) are used instead of (???) and (???) respectively, the headquarters concerned are engaged in active operations and the signs represent the positions of command posts (shireijo).
7		Johojo	Information (message) center
8		Chutaicho	Company commander
9		Shoko Shotaicho	Commissioned officer - platoon commander
10		Kashikan Buntaicho	Noncommissioned officer Section leader
11		Hei	Private soldier NOTE: NCO's and private may be classiffied by the addition of appropriate "kana" numbers, or signs, e.g.; (???), liaison NCO; (???), runner; (???), bugler; (???), No. 3 man in section; (???), private in charge of grenade discharger.
12		Kihei no hei	Cavalry private
13		Butai no shudan	Group (mass) of troops
14		Fuzokutai	Attached unit
15		Butai no shudan chiki	Area containing groups (masses) of troops
16		Tekidanto Tekidanju	Grenade discharger Grenade rifle
17		Keikikanju	Light machine gun
18		Kikanju	Machine gun (heavy)
19		Kikanjutai	Machine gun unit
20		Kikancho	Machine cannon
21		Kikanhotai	Machine cannon unit
22		Jidoho	Automatic gun
23		Jidohotai	Automatic gun unit
24		Sokushaho	Antitank gun
25		Sokushahotai	Antitank gun unit
26		Keihakugekiho	Light trench mortar
27		Keihakugekihotai	Light trench mortar unit
28		Chuhakugekiho	Medium trench mortar
29		Chuhakugekihotai	Medium trench mortar unit
30		Juhakugekiho	Heavy trench mortar
31		Jukakugekihotai	Heavy trench mortar unit
32		Shomeito	Searchlight (general); ground flare (aero)
33		Yasen shomentai	Field searchlight unit
34		Kamo	Fire net; area covered by fire.
35		Karyoku jumbi no ichi-rei	Examples of fire preparation; 2 fld arty cos, 1 Med arty co; 2 MG cos, 1 Regt gun co, 1 Bn Gun Co.
36		1) Kogeki no juten 2) Shageki no-hoto (mokuhyo) 3) Zenshin hoko nado	1) Main point of attack 2) Direction of fire (target, objective) 3) Direction of advance, etc.
37		Gasu butai hombu	Chemical warfare unit headquarters
38		Gasu butai	Gas unit NOTE: Sendoku (poison spreading) Shodoku (disinfecting) Jodoku (decontaminating) units are shown respectively by (???)
39		Gasu-gakari shoko	Officer in charge of gas
40		Gasu-gakari kashikan	NCO in charge of gas
41		Gasu-gakari hei	Private in charge of gas
42		Sandoku chiiki	Contaminated area
43		Emmaku	Smoke screen
44		Gasu kumo Dokuen	Gas cloud Toxic or poison smoke
45		Shukuei butai	Quartered or billeted troops; 2d Bn of the 4th Inf Regt
46		Chungun butai	Troops stationed for a period; Garrison troops; 2d Co of the 1st Inf Regt, 2d Bn of the 1st Field Arty Regt. NOTE: The boundary of a billeting area is shown by a thick continuous libe. The symbols of the units are written inside ot outside.
47		Keilyu shugojo	Alarm post
48		Keikyu daishugojo	Grand alarm post
49		Mizu kofujo	Water distributing center
50		Imbajo	Place for watering animals
51		Bakeijo	Horse lines
52		Kikanjusho	Machine gun depot
53		Hosho (yaho)	Gun depot (field artillery). NOTE: Depots for other types of artillery are shown by the appropriate symbol within a rectangle.
54		Shasho	Vehicle depot
55		Jidoshasho	Motor transport depot
56		Bunsho Kashisho	Sentry group (infantry or cavalry) with noncommissined officer in charge
57		Sannibsho	Sentry group of 3 men
58		ninisho	Sentry group of 2 men
59		Tansho	Single sentry
60		Kashikan wo cho to seru sekko	Patrol with noncommissioned officer in charge.
61		Tembosho	Observation group
62		Kotsu seirihan	Traffic control section

b. Army Signs - Infantry.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Hohei ryodan shireibu	Infantry brigade headquarters
2		Hobei rentai hombu	Infantry regimental headquarters
3		Hobei daitai hombu	Infantry battalion headquarters
4		Hobei butai	Infantry unit
5		Hohei butai (kogun taikei)	Infantry unit (in march formation)
6		Hohei butai no sokai	Deployment of an infantry unit
7		Daisen	Front line
8		Rentaiho	Regimental infantry gun
9		Rentaihotai	Regimental infantry gun unit
10		Daitaiho	Battalion infantry gun
11		Daitaihotai	Battalion infantry gun unit
12		Heisha Boheiho	Infantry gun
13		kyokusha boheiho	Infantry mortar
14		Sagyotai	Working party; pioneer unit
15		Hohei rentai (ryodan) tsushintai (han)	Infantry regiment (brigade) signal unit (section)
16		Senryo chiiki	Occupied area

c. Army Signs - Cavalry.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Kihei shudan (shidan) shireibu	Cavalry group (division) quarters
2		Kihei ryodan shireibu	Cavalry brigade headquarters
3		Kihei rentai hombu	Cavalry regimental headquarters
4		Kihei butai	Cavalry unit
5		Kihei butai no sokai	Deployment of a cavalry unit
6		Dai-issen	Front line (cavalry)
7		Joba sankai butai	Deployment of mounted cavalry
8		Toho sampei	Dismounted skirmishers
9		Tohobutai	Dismounted unit
10		Teuma	Led horses
11		Kihei rentai (ryodan) (shudan) tsushintai (han)	Cavalry regiment (brigade)(group) signal unit (section)

d. Army signs - Artillery.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Hohei shireibu	Artillery headquarters
2		Hoheidan (hoheiryodan) shireibu	Artillery group (brigade) headquarters
3		Yahohei rentai hombu	Field artillery regimental headquarters
4		Yahohei daitai hombu	Field artillery battalion headquarters
5		Yahohei butai	Field artillery unit
6		Yahohei no danretsu	Field artillery ammunition train
7		Yahohei no horetsu	Line of guns (field artillery)
8		Yahohei no renrakuhan	Field artillery liaison section NOTE: Horse, mountain, medium and heavy artillery are represented by the signs (???) respectively, instead of (???). Guns and howitzers are represented by the addition of (???) and (???) respectively to the top of the appropriate sign.
9		Choshatei yaho	Long range field gun
10		Juryu	10-cm (105-mm) howitzer
11		Juka	10-cm (105-mm) gun
12		Jugoryu	15-cm (150-mm) howitzer
13		Kikyutai	Balloon unit
14		Kikyu jinehi Kikyu shoto echi	Balloon position; Balloon ascension point
15		Shikihan (shiki shotai)	Command section (platoon)
16		Hoheidan (ryodan) kansokujo (hojo kansokujo)	Artillery group (brigade) Observatio post (auxiliary observation post)
17		Rentai kansokujo (hojo kansokujo)	Regimental observation post (auxiliary observatio post)
18		Daitai kansokujp (hojo kansokujo)	Battalion observation post (auxiliary observation post)
19		Chutai kansokujo (hojo kansokujo)	Company observation post (auxiliary observatio post) NOTE: Observation posts in general are represented by (???) Auxiliary posts are distinguished by a blank triangle (???)
20		Hyotei no tame no hojo kansokujo	Auxiliary observation post for plotting
21		Hyotei shikijo	Plotting control post
22		Hohei johotai hombu	Artillery intelligence unit headquarters
23		Hohei johotai hombu	Artillery intelligence unit
24		Hyoteitai	Plotting unit
25		Hyoteisho	Plottin gstation
26		Shotai hyoteisho	Platoon plotting station
27		Chutai hyoteisho	Company plotting station
28		Ongentai	Sound locator unit
29		Cho-onsho	Listening post
30		Cho-on shusho	Main listening post
31		Cho-on renshinsho	Forward listening post
32		Sokuchitai	Land survey unit
33		Kisosokuchi no kijunten	Base point of a primary survey
34		Jinchi oyobi zenchi no sokuchi no kijunten	Base point of a primary survey (position and advanced position)
35		Kisen	Base line
36		Hoko kisen	Directional base line

e. Army signs - Engineers.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Koheu shireibu	Engineer headquarters
2		Kohei rentai hombu	Engineer regimental headquarters
3		Kohei butai Note: The denomination of a unit is shown within the rectangle.	Engineer unit
4		Gayko zairyo chutai	Bridging materiel company
5		Toka zairyo chutai	River crossing materiel company
6		Yasen sokuryotai	Field survey unit
7		(?) Shuteicho	Boat (landing craft) commander
8		(?) Shutei kohei	Boat (landing craft) engineer
9		(?) Rikujo kohei	Land engineer

f. Army Signs: Air, antiaircraft, and meteorological.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Kokugun shireibu	Air army headquarters
2		Hikoshidan shireibu	Air division headquarters
3		Hiko(ryo)dan shireibu	Air brigade headquarters
4		Hikosentai hombu Hikorentai hombu	Air regimental headquarters NOTE: If necessary the type of aircraft is shown. (???) represents a fighter regimental headquarters.
5		Hikochutaicho	Air company commander NOTE: If necessary the type of aircraft is shown.
6		Hiko(bu)tai	Air unit NOTE: If necessary the type of aircraft is shown.
7		Hikoki	Aircraft NOTE: Short horizontal lines on the tail represent the number of seats, for example (???) 2-seater aircraft
8		Teisatsuki (shireibu)	Reconnaissance aircraft (headquarters)
9		Teisatsuki (gun)	Reconnaissance aircraft (army)
10		Teisatsuki (chokkyo)	Reconnaissance aircraft (direct cooperation)
11		Sentoki	Fighter aircraft
12		Bakugekiki (Keibaku)	Light bomber
13		Bakugekiki (jubaku)	Heavy bomber
14		Bakugekiki (Embaku)	Long range bomber
15		Hikosentai ijo do kuchutaikei	Formations (tactical) of air regiment and above NOTE: To show the type of aircraft the appropriate symbol is included. Thus (???) represents formations of air regiment and above, comprising light bombers.
16		Hikochutai no kuchutaikei	Formations (tactical) of air companies
17		Hikohentai no heimenzu	Formations of aircraft in horizontal plane
18		Hikphentai no sokumenzu	Formatins of aircraft in a vertical plane
19		Kodo san zen metoru ni okeru keihakugekiki no sanki hentai	Formations of 3 light bombers at a height of 3,000 meters
20		Koku chiki shireibu	Air sector headquarters
21		Hikojo daitai hombu	Airfield battalion headquarters
22		Hikojo chutaicho	Airfield company commander
23		Koku chiku butai	Air sector unit
24		Koku tsushin hombu	Air signal headquarters
25		Koku tsushintai hombu	Air signal unit headquarters
26		Koku tsushintai	Air signal unit
27		Koku johotai hombu	Air intelligence unit headquarters
28		Koku johotai	Air intelligence unit
29		Koku johohan	Air intelligence section
30		Kosokutai	Direction finder unit
31		Kohoyo hoko tanchiki	Navigation direction finder
32		Yakan koro hyoshiki	Night beacon
33		Musen koro kyoshiki	Radio beacon
34		Hikojo	Airfield NOTE: The type of airfield and the type of aircraft for which it is suitable is shown by the appropriate sign or abbreviation.
35		Chakurikujo	Landing field
36		Chakuriku shi uru chiiki	Area within landings can be made (by fighters)
37		Yasen koku hokyusho	Field air supply depot
38		Yasen koku hokyu shisho mata wa shutehojo	Field air supply branch depot
39		Yasen koku shurisho	Field air depot
40		Yasen koku shuribusho mata wa shutehojo	Field repair branch depot
41		Bokubutai shireibu	Antiaircraft defense unit headqurters
42		Koshaho rentai hombu	Antiaircraft artillery regimental headquarters
43		Koshaho daitai hombu	antiaircraft artillery battalion headquarters
44		Koshahotai	Antiaircraft artillery unit
45		Koshahotai jinchi	Antiaircraft artillery position
46		Shoku butai hombu	Searchlight unit headquarters
47		Shokutai	Searchlight unit
48		Shokuto	Searchlight
49		Kuchu sho-onki	Sound locator
50		Dempa tanshingi	Radar
51		Boku kikyu	Barrage balloon
52		Kosha kikanju	Antiaircraft machine gun
53		Kosha kikanho	Antiaircraft machine cannon NOTE: In connection with antiaircraft defense if it be necessary to distinguish between field troops protecting important strategic points, the latter are represented by a stroke under the appropriate sign, e.g. (???)
54		Yasen kisho kokatsu kikan	Field meteorological control organization
55		Yasen kishoi butai	Field meteorological unit
56		Kisho hosojo	meteorological broadcasting station
57		Kisho chutai	meteorological company
58		Kisho kansokuhan	meteorological observation section
59		Kisho hojokansokujo	Auxiliary meteorological observation post
60		Koso kisho kansokuhan	High altitude meteorological observation section
61		Koso kisho hojokansokujo	High altitude auxiliary meteorological observation post
62		Taiku kanshisho	Antiaircraft observation post

g. Army signs - Armored Forces.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Kikogun shireibu	Mechanized army headquarters
2		Sensha shidan shireibu	Armored division headquarters
3		Kido shidan shireibu	Motorized division headquarters
4		Sensha ryodan shireibu	Tank brigade headquarters
5		Sensha rentai hombu	Tank regimental headquarters
6		Sensha (tai)	Tank (unit)
7		Sensha kogun taikei	Tank march formation
8		Sensha sokai taikei	Tank development formation (arrow indicates direction of advance)
9		Sensha sento taikei	Tank bettle formation
10		Sensha chutaicho	Tank company commander
11		Sensha shotaicho	Tank platoon commander
12		Keisensha (tai)	Light tank (unit)
13		Chusensha (tai)	Medium tank (unit)
14		Jusensha (tai)	NOTE: The equipment of individual vehicles is shown by the addition of appropriate signs, e.g. represents a tank equipped with radio. To indicate a cavalry unit is added to the top portion of the sign, e.g.
15		Jisoho (tai)	Self-propelled artillery (unit)
16		Hosensha (tai)	Tank destroyer (unit)
17		Kenincho (tai)	Truck or tractor drawn artillery (unit)
18		Sokosha (tai)	Armored car (unit)
19		Suiriku ryoyo mensha (tai)	Amphibian tank (unit)
20		Soko sagyo sensha (tai)	Armored construction tank (unit)
21		Rikisakusha (tai)	Generator car (unit)
22		Soko heisha (tai)	Armored troop carrier (unit)
23		Sokiteisha (tai)	Half-track reconnaissance car (unit)
24		Senshatai no danretsu	Tank unit ammunition train
25		Senshatai no seibi	Tank unit maintenance
26		Jidoteisha	Scout car
27		Shuri jidosha	Maintenance car NOTE: When it is necessary to differentiate between light and heavy, is used for the heavy.
28		Joyosha	Passenger car
29		Kogata joyosha	Small model passenger car
30		Shikisha	Command car
31		Sokusha	Side-car
32		Jidokasha	Motortruck NOTE: The type of truck or the load carried may be shown by appropriate characters or signs, e.g. , repair truck; , truck loaded with machine guns.
33		Jidokasha kusha	Empty motortruck
34		Sokikasha	Caterpillar truck or tractor
35		Sosakutai	Reonnaissance unit
36		Sosakutai hombu	Reconnaissance unit headquarters
37		Soko tsushintai	Armored signal unit
38		Soko tsushintai hombu	Armored signal unit headquarters

h. Army signs - Field works.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Sampeigo, kotsugo	Firing trench, communication trench Note: Portions of the communication trench defended by fire are shown by a thick line.
2		Keikikanjuza	Light machine gun emplacement
3		Kikanjuza	Machine gun (heavy) emplacement NOTE: The presence of weapons in the emplacement is shown by the appropriate symbol.
4		Ysenhohei no entai	Field artillery shelter
5		Juhohei no entai	Heavy artillery shelter
6		Tetsujomo	Wire entanglements
7		Ido tetsujomo	Movable wire entanglements
8		Rokusai	Abatis
9		Jirai	Land mines
10		Taisenshago	Anttank ditch
11		Jukkobutsu no hakaibu Shirin no bassaibu	Artificial obstacles which have been demolished Cleared area in woods, forest, etc.
12		Doro, Kyoryo, nado no sozetsubu	Barricades across road, bridge, etc.
13		Shogaibutsu no hakaiko oyobi sandoku chiiki ni mokuru tsuro	Breach made in obstacles or passage opened through an area contaminated with gas
14		Empeibu	Dug out; shelter.
15		Engai	Cover; shelter
16		Kinkuritosei engai	Concrete shelter NOTE: The type of firearm within a shelter is shown by the appropriate sign.
17		Jinchi no zensen wo senryo serubutai	Unit in occupation of front line of position
18		Jinchi wo senryo seru butai	Unit in occupation of position NOTE: Dummy works and dummy positions are indicated by dotted lines.

i. Army Signs - Railway.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Tetsudo yuso shireibu	Railway transport headquarters
2		Tetsudo yuso shireibu shibu	Railway transport headquarters, branch office
3		Teishajo shireibu	Railway station headquarters
4		Teishajo shireibu shibu	Railway station headquarters, branch office
5		Yasen tetsudo shireibu	Field railway headquarters
6		Yasen tetsudo shireibu shibu	Field railway headquarters, branch office
7		Tetsudo kambu	Railway inspectorate
8		Tetsudo rentai hombu	Railway regimental headquarters
9		Tetsudo daitai hombu	Railway battalion headquarters
10		Tetsudotai	Railway unit
11		Soko resshatai	Armored train unit
12		Tetsudo sairyosho	Railway supply deport
13		Tetsudo rentai zairyosho	Railway regiment supply depot
14		Teoshi keiben tetsudotai	Hand car unit
15		Yasen tetsudosho	Field railway depot
16		Fukusen Teishaba Tansen	Double track Station Single track

j. Army Signs: Shipping.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Sempaku shireibu	Shipping headquarters
2		Sempaku heidan shireibu	Shipping group (main) headquarters
3		Sempaku yuso shireibu
4		Sempaku dan shireibu	Shipping group headquarters
5		Sempaku yuso chikutai shireibu	Shipping transport sector unit headquarters
6		Sempaku yuso shibu	Shipping transport branch office
7		Suijo shireibu	Headquarters at sea
8		Teihakujo kambu	Anchorage inspectorate
9		Teihakujo shireibu	Anchorage headquarters
10		Teihakujo shireibu shibu	Anchorage headquarters, branch office
11		Sempaku kohei rentai	Shipping engineers regiment
12		Sempaku tsushin rentai	Shipping signal regiment
13		Sempaku hobei rentai	Shipping artillery regiment
14		Sempaku eiseitai hombu	Shipping medical unit headquarters
15		Byoinsen eiseihan	Hospital ship medical station
16		Kaijo yuso daita hombu	Sea transport battalion headquarters
17		Kaijo yuso daitai butai	Sea transport battalion unit
18		Yorikutai	Disembarkation unit
19		Hansui sagyotai	Boat launching unit
20		Sempaku kosakusho	Shipping repair depot
21		Yasen sempakusho	Field shipping depot
22		Sempaku heikisho	Shipping ordnance depot
23		Yusosen	Transport (ship)
24		Yuso sentai	Convoy
25		Guntai yusosen	Army transport
26		Boku kikansen	Antiaircraft defense control ship
27		Gunjuhin yusosen	Munitions transport
28		Byoinsen	Hospital ship
29		Kyusuisen	Water supply ship
30		Kyutansen	Collier
31		Tsushinsen	Signal ship
32		Yusosen	Oil tanker
33		Boraigu fuzoku yusosen	Transport equipped with antimine apparatus
34		Senkai sokaigu fuzoku yusosen	Transport equipped with shallow water sweeping apparatus
35		Heiso jisshisen	Armed vessel
36		Suichu cho-onki tosaisen	Ship equipped with sound locator equipment
37		Chigo (?) tosaisen	Ship presumably equipped with degausing equipment
38		Chuhakugekiho tosaisen	Ship equipped with medium mortars
39		Juhakugekiho tosaisen	Ship equipped with heavy mortars
40		Kikyu tosaisen	Ship equipped with barrage balloons
41		Hakuyo musenki	Marine radio NOTE: Strength and wave length (frequency) may be shown; e.g. (???) 500-watt, medium and short wave set.
42		Soshikitei	Control boat
43		Kijuntei	Pivot boat
44		Shutei	Shutei Small boat NOTE: The type of boat is shown by adding an appropriate sign or character. Examples follows:
45		Kaijo torakku	"Sea truck"
46		Kihosen	Motor sailboat
47		Gyosen	Fishing boat
48		Tokudaihatsu	Special large motorized craft
49		Daihatsu	Large motorized craft
50		Shohatsu	Small motorized craft
51		Kifu fushu	Motor-powered lighter
52		Sokotei	Armored boat
53		Kosokutei ko	Type "A" high speed boat
54		Kosokutei otsu	Type "B" high speed boat
55		Kosokutei hei	Type "C" high speed boat
56		Kosakutei	Repair boat
57		Fushu	Lighter
58		Suifu	Water boat
59		Shojokisen	Small steamboat
60		Dampeisen	Barge
61		Umabune	Boat for horses
62		Denreitei	Messenger boat
63		(?) Shuteicho	Boat (landing craft) commander
64		(?) Shutei kohei	Boat (landing craft) engineer
65		(?) Rikujo kohei	Land engineer
66		Kai-un kichi	Sea transport base
67		Kai-un shuehi	Secondary sea transport base
68		Kai-un hojochi	Subsidiary sea transport base
69		Yusosen no byochi	Transport anchorage NOTE: Within a sea transport base the configuration of the anchorage is marked. Ship names or abbreviations are shown.
70		Fuhyo	Buoy NOTE: When necessary the actual shape is sketched.
71		Kaichu toka u toka	Light buoy NOTE: If PE. If possible represented by the same color as the light.
72		Kirai fusetsusfusetsusen	Mined area boundary line.
73		Fuyu shogaibushogaibutsu	Floating obstacles
74		Bozai aruiwa laruiwa bogyomo	Boom or defensive net
75		Sambashi shi	Piet; jetty
76		Guntai shugoji shugojo	Place of assembly for troops
77		Gunjuhin ahuhin shusekijo	Munitions dump
78		Teihakujo shirujo shireibu kojo	Anchorage headquarters workshop
79		Funairi-ba i-ba	Ship entrance
80		Shingosho; milsho; miharijo	Signal or lookout station

k. Army Signs: Signal.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Tsushintai hontai hombu	Signal unit headquarters
2		Tsushintai ntai	Signal unit
3		Tsushin chutain chutai mata wa yusentai	Signal company or wire unit
4		Heitan Tsushin tsushintai hombu	Line of communications signal unit headquarters
5		Heitan tsushin tsushin chutai	Line of communications signal company
6		Soko tsushintai hombu	Armored signal unit headquarters
7		Soko tsushintai	Armored signal unit
8		Musentai	Radio unit
9		Idoshiki musentai	Mobile (ground) radio unit
10		Kotei musentai	Fixed radio unit
11		Musen johotai (tokushu musentai) hombu	Radio intelligence (special radio) unit headquarters
12		Musen johotai (tokushu musentai)	Radio intelligence (special radio) unit
13		Shidan tsushintai	Division signal unit
14		Hohei rentai (ryodan) tsushintai (han)	Infantry regiment (brigade) signal unit (section)
15		Kihei rentai (ryodan) (shudan) tsushintai (han)	Cavalry regiment (brigade) (group) signal unit (section)
16		Denshin tsushinjo	Telegraph signal station
17		Denwaki	Telephone instrument NOTE: telephone with bell, when it is necessary to distinguish.
18		Denwa kokanki	Telephone switchboard
19		Tenkaki	Change over switch; switch
20		Denshinki	Telegraph instrument (one way buzzer)
21		Taju denshinki	Multiplex telegraph instrument (duplex buzzer)
22		Taju denshinki	Multiplex telegraph instrument (quadruplex buzzer)
23		Gempaki	Modulator
24		Jidoki	Automatic instrument
25		Jido teisoki	Automatic relay instrument
26		Insatsu denshinki	Teleprinter; teletype
27		Insatsu denshinki (musen)	Radio teleprinter or teletype
28		Shashin densoki (yusen)	Telephone instrument (by line)
29		Shashin densoki (musen)	Telephoto instrument (radio)
30		Rensetsu tsushinjo	Relay signal station
31		Tsushinsen (denwa)	Signal line (telephone) NOTE: When necessary, insulated and submarine cables are represented by a wavy line, thus
32		Kinetsu tsushinsen	Existing signal line
33		Ofukusen	Duplex circuit
34		Fukusen	Twisted (or parallel) pair
35		Tenkasen	Supplementary line
36		Hansosen	Carrier circuit NOTE: For a telegraph line is used instead of
37		Deushin denwa soshimpo	Line using both telegraph and telephone (simplexed)
38		Idoshaki chijo musen tsushinjo	Mobile ground radio station NOTE 1: A control station is represented by NOTE 2: The type of radio set may be indicated by enclosing withih the circle the appropriate figure or symbol. Examples follow:
39		Model 87 (1927), Type 1
40		Model 87 (1927), Type 2
41		Model 0 (1940), Type 3
42		Model 0 (1940), Type 4
43		Model 0 (1940), Type 5
			(Type 6, radio telephone, is represented by )
44		Model 94 (1934), Type 1
45		Model 94 (1934), Type 2A
46		Model 94 (1934), Type 2B
47		Model 94 (1934), Type 3A
48		Model 94 (1934), Type 3B
49		Model 94 (1934), Type 4
50		Model 94 (1934), Type 5
			NOTE: The method of transportaation used is shown as follows:
51		Model 94 (1934), Type 1, by motorcar
52		Model 94 (1934), Type 2B, by cart
53		Model 94 (1934), Type 2B, by packhorse
54		Musen donwaki (tsushinjo)	Radio telephone (station)
55		Idoshiki taiku musen denshijo	Mobile air-ground radio station NOTE: Different types may be shown as follows:
56			Model 87 (1927), Type 1.
57			Model 87 (1927), Type 2
58			Model 87 (1927), Type 6
59			Model 94 (1934), Type 1
60			Model 94 (1934), Type 2
61			Model 94 (1934), Type 3C
62		Hikoki ni sobi sera musenki	Aircraft radio NOTE: Different types may be shown as follows:
63			Model 87 (1927), Type 1
64			Model 87 (1927), Type 2
65			Model 88 (1928), Type 3
66			Model 94 (1934), Type 1
67			Model 94 (1934), Type 2
68			Model 94 (1934), Type 3
69		kotei musen tsushinjo	Fixed radio station
70		Kotei musen denshinjo	Fixed radio telegraph station
71		Kaigun kotei musen denshinjo	Fixed naval radio telegraph station
72		Kotei taiku musen denshinjo	Fixed air-ground radio telegraph station
73		Kaigun kotei musen denshinjo	Fixed naval air-ground radio telegraph station NOTE: The strength in kilowatts of fixed stations may be shown by the requisite numbers (with or without KW). For example: , , , , Alternate forms: 1) 5-kilowatt fixed radio telegraph station. 2) 1.5-kilowatt fixed radio telegraph station. 3) 1-kilowatt fixed radio telegraph station. 4) 0.5-kilowatt fixed radio telegraph station.
74		Musen jushinki	Radio receiving set
75		Idoshiki hyoteiki	Mobile direction finder
76		Koteishiki hyoteiki	Fixed direction finder
77		Idoshiki chochiki	Portable sound detector
78		Koteishiki choechiki	Fixed sound detector
79		Dempa tanshingi	Radar
80		Detambo	Radar defense
81		Ensoki	Instrument operated by remote control
82		Shikosei musen soshinki	Directional radio transmitter
83		Hakujo musenki	Marine (shipboard) radio
84		Musenki wo sobi seru shutei	Boat equipped with radio
85		Musen tsushinkei	Radio signal network
86		Shigo tsushinkei	Visual signal network NOTE: The various means of signaling are represnted by for heliograph, for signal panels, for semaphore, etc.
87		Hatotai hombu	Carrier pigeon unit headquarters
88		Hatotai	Carrier pigeon unit
89		Hato tsushinjo	Carrier pigeon station
90		Kyusho	Carrier pigeon network
91		Hato tsushimmo	Carrier pigeon network
92		Teidensho	Runner relay post
93		Joba teidensho	Mounted relay post
94		Jitensha teidensho	Bicycle relay post
95		Inu no renrakuro	Dog messenger route
96		Fuban shingosho	Panel signal station
97		Yubin ukewatashijo	Postal clearing house
98		yasen yubinkyoku (tai)	Field post office (unit)
99		Yasen yubinkyoku (teisokyoku)	Field post office (relay station)

l. Army Signs: Transport, supply, and medical services.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Danyakuhan (shotai)	Ammunition section (platoon)
2		Kori	Baggage train
3		Shichohei rentai hombu	Transport regimental headquarters
4		Shichobei daitai hombu	Transport battalion headquarters
5		Shichobei dokuritsu daitai hombu	Independent transport battalion hedquarters
6		Bamba hensei shichohei butai
7		Daba bensei shichobei butai	Pack horse transport unit
8		Jidosha hensei shichobei butai	Motor transport unit
9		Heiki kimmutai	Ordnance service unit
10		Keiri Kimmuhan	Intendance service section
11		Boeki kyusuibu	Water supply and purification unit
12		Eiseitai Hombu	Medical unit headquarters
13		Yasen byoin	Field hospital
14		Shidan byobasho	Division veterinary depot NOTE: Established field hospitals and veterinary depots are distinguished by he addition of (???) to the top of the sign.
15		Kanja shuyotai	March casualties collecting unit
16		Eiseitai tanga chutai	Medical unit stretcher company
17		Hotaijo	Dressing station
18		Byoba shugojo	Veterinary collecting station
19		Byoba kyugosho	Veterinary first aid station
20		Yazen soko	Field warehouse
21		Ryomatsu kofujo	Rations and forage distributing point
22		Danyaku kofujo	Ammunition distributing point
23		Nenryo kofujo	Fuel distributing point
24		Kagakusen shizai kofujo	Distributing point for chemical warfare material
25		Heiki, hifuku nado no shurijo	Repair depot for ordnance, clothing, etc.
26		Gunjuhin no sekisae	Loading war material
27		Gujuhin no shaka	Unloading war material
28		Gunjuhin no tsumikae	Trans-shipping war material

m. Army Signs: Line of communications.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Heitan shuchi	Line of communications main base
2		Heitan chiku shireibu	Line of communications sector headquarters
3		Heitanchi	Line of communications intermediatre base
4		Yotei heitanchi	Projected line of communications intermediate base
5		Heitanchi igai no hokyuten	Supply point other than a line of communicatrions intermediate base
6		Yasen heiki honsho	Main field ordnance depot
7		Yasen heikisho	Field ordnance depot
8		Yasen Heiki shisho	Branch field ordnance depot. NOTE: Sub-branch (forward) depots and mobile repair sections are shown respectively by (???) and (???)
9		Yasen koku honsho	Main field air depot
10		Yasen kokusho	Field air depot
11		Yasen koku shi	Branch field air depot
12		Yasen jidosba honsho	main field motor transport depot
13		Yasen jidosha sho	Field motor transport depot
14		Yasen jidosha shisho	Branch field motor transport depot NOTE: Subbranch (forward) depots and mobile repair sections are shown respectively by and .
15		Yasen kamotsu honsho	Main field freight depot
16		Yasen kamotsu sho	Field freight depot
17		Yasen kamotsu shisho	Branch field freight depot NOTE: Subbranch( forward) depots and mobile repair sections are shown respectively by and . The nature of the material in a depot or dump is shown by the proper abbreviation, e.g. represents an artillery ammunition depot.
18		Yasen Yusotai shireibu	Field transport unit headquarters
19		Jidosha daitai hombu	Motor transport battalion headquarters
20		Heitan shichohei butai	Line of communications transport unit NOTE: details of the organization are shown by appropriate lettering.
21		Ken-in jidoshatai	Tractor unit
22		Yuso kanshitai	Transport escort unit
23		Yasen hoju basho	Field remount depot
24		Heitan byobasho	NOTE: Established depots are distinguished by the addition of to the top of the sign.
25		Gumba boekisho	Veterinary quarantine hospital
26		Heitan eiseitai hombu	Line of communications medical unit headquarters
27		Heitan byoin	NOTE: Established depots are distinguished by the addition of to the top of the sign.
28		Heitan eisetai ido chiryoban	Mobile treatment section of line of communications medical unit
29		Yasen boeki kyusuibu	Field water supply and purification section
30		Kanja yusotai	NOTE: The position of headquarters is represented by the addition of to the top of the sign.
31		Kanja ryoyojo	Convalescent station
32		Kanja shugojo	Collecting station for sick and wounded
33		Yasen sakuseitai hombu	Field well construction unit headquarters
34		Yasen sakutseitai	field well construction unit
35		Yasen kimmutai hombu	Field service unit headquarters
36		Yasen kenchikutai hombu	Field construction unit headquarters NOTE: Headquarters of similar units are represnted by inserting the appropriate kana symbol within the rectangle.
37		Rikujo kimmu chutai	Land service company. NOTE: Similar companies may be represented by inserting the appropriate kana symbol within the rectangle. For example: Water service company. Road service company. Barge service company.
38		Heitan tsushintai hombu	Line of communications signal unit headquarters
39		Heitan tsushin chutai	Line of communications signal company
40		Yubin ukewatashijo	Postal clearing office
41		Yasen yubinkyoku	Field post office unit
42		Yasen yubinkyoku (teisokyoku)	Field post office (relay station) NOTE: A branch office is represented by

n. Army Signs: Siege and fortress defense.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Yosai shireibu Yosai juhohei rentai hombu	Fortress headquarters Fortress heavy artillery regimental headquarters
2		Yosai hobei shikikan	Fortress artillery commander
3		Yosai juhobei daitai hombu mata wa chikutai hombu	Fortress heavy artillery battalion headquarters or sector unit headquarters
4		Yosai byoin	Fortress hospital
5		Yosai bun in	Branch fortress hospital
6		Yosai tanshoto	Fortress searchlight
7		Suichi chosokuki	Underwater sound locator
8		Kyuryu yaho	Field gun under shelter
9		Eikyu horui	Permanent fort
10		Haneikyu horui	Semipermanent fort
11		Rinji horui	Temporary (improvised) fort NOTE: Forts are drawn according to actual shape.
12		Heisha eikyu hodai	Permanent gun emplacement
13		Heisha haneikyu hodai	Semipermanent gun emplacement
14		Heisha rinji hodai	Temporary (improvised) gun emplacement
15		Kyokusha eikyu hodai	Permanent mortar emplacement
16		Kyokusha henwikyu hodai	Semipermanent mortar emplacement
17		Kyokusha rinji hodai	Temporary (improvised) mortar emplacement
18		Hoto	Turret
19		Eikyu kyosha	Permanent block-house
20		Rinji kyosha	Temporary (improvised) block-house
21		Heisha	Barracks
22		Shosha, makuei	Barracks, tents
23		Kodo	Gallery, underground, passage
24		Koro	Approach trenches, saps
25		Nijushiryu shi-mon no dai ni rinji hodai	Four 24-cm howitzers in No. 2 temporary battery
26		Shijuka ni-mon no hoto	Two 40-cm guns in a turret
27		Dangansho, dangan honko	Main shell magazine
28		Dansho	Shell magazine
29		Kayakusho, hayaku honko	Main poeder magazine
30		Kayaku shisho	Branch powder magazine
31		Danyakusho, danyaku honko	Main ammunition depot
32		Danyaku chukansho; danyaku shiko	Internediate ammunition depot, Branch ammunition deport.
33		Kobei kizai kofujo	Distributing center for engineer equipment and materiel
34		Yuso sairtosho	Transport supply depot
35		Hejki shuri kojo	Ordnance main repair shop
36		Heiki shurijo	Ordnance repair shop
37		Kanon	Gun
38		Ryudampo	Howitzer
39		Kyuho	Mortar NOTE: The caliber in centimeters of guns, etc., is shown by figures, the number of guns by short cross strokes, e.g. represents four 15-cm guns. Example: Fortress with four 12-cm guns, two 7.5-cm guns, two 15-cm guns, and four 15-cm howitzers.
40		Sanjuka shi-mon no dai ichi eikyu hodai	Four 30-cm guns in No. 1 permanent battery

2. NAVY SIGNS

NOTE: For Army air and shipping signs see paragraph 1 of this section. Navy hydrographic signs are listed in section I, paragraph 2, of this chapter.

a. Navy Signs: Bases, anchorages.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Gunko; kaigunku shireibu shozaichi	Naval port; naval station; naval district headquarters
2		Yoko	Minor naval station
3		Sensuikan haibichi	Submarine base
4		Kaigun bobitai mata wa shubitai	Naval defense unit or garrison
5		Daikantai no teihaku ni tekisuru kowan	Harbor suitable for large fleet anchorage
6		Kantai no teihaku ni tekisuru kowan	Harbor suitable for fleet anchorage
7		Kansen no teihaku ni tekisuru kowan	Harbor suitable for warship anchorage
8		Tobyo no eru hakuchi	Anchorage
9		Shoko	Commercial port
10		joriku sambashi	Landing pier
11		Joriku ni tekisuru kaigan	Shore suitable for landings
12		Kansenkyo aru zosenjo mata wa shusenjo	Construction and repair yard with drydock
13		Fusenkyo aru nosenjo mata wa shusenjo	Construction and repair yard with floating dock
14		Hikagesendai wo yusuru kansen shurijo	Warship repair yard equipped with marine railroad
15		Senkyo oyobi kikagesendai wo yusezaru kansen shurijo	Warship repair yard without docks or marine railroad
16		Kaigun chotanjo	Naval coaling station
17		Sekitan wo kyokyu shiuru chiten	Place able to supply coal
18		Kaigun choyujo	Naval oil fueling station
19		Juyu wo kyokyu shiuru chiten	Place able to supply oil

b. Navy Signs: Ships, personnel.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Kansen	Warship NOTE: The type of ship is shown by the addition of the appropriate abbreviation or sign, i.e. (???) battleship. other examples follow.
2		Kuchikukan	Destroyer
3		Koku bokan	Aircraft carrier
4		Suijoki bokan	Seaplane tender
5		Sensui boken	Submarine tender
6		Kaijo sensuikan	Submarine (on surface)
7		Suichu sensuikan	Submarine (submerged)
8		Tai (shuryikukan)	Naval force including capital ships.
9		Tai (shuryokukan igai)	Naval forces not including capital ships NOTE: The type of unit is shown by the addition of the appropriate abbreviation or sign.
10		Rengo kantai shirei chokan	Combined fleet commander-in-chief
11		Shirei chokan	Fleet commander
12		Shireikan	Division (squadron) commander
13		Shirei	Commander; ship commander
14		Shirei	Ship commander

c. Navy Signs: Air.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Koku daitai	Air wing
2		Hikoki	Airplane (general)
3		Rikugunki	Army plane
4		Rikujoki	Landscape
5		Ogata suijoki	Seaplane (large type)
6		Kogata suijoki	Seaplane (small type)
7		Kanjoki	Shipboard airplane
8		Hikotei	Flying boat
9		Hoku kichi	Military air base (general) NOTE: the classification of the base is shown by the inclusion of the appropriate aircraft sign. e.g. (???), seaplane base; (???) landplane base; (???), Army air base (???); further examples follow.
10		Ogataki hatchaku kanochi	Base suitable for heavy landplane
11		Keihikoki hatchaku kanochi	Base suitable for light landplanes
12		Suiriku ryoyo hikojo	Land and seaplane base
13		Fujichakujo	Emergency landing field
14		Yotei kokuki kichi	Projected airbase. To indicate commercial airfields, substitute circles for the rectangles in the above example, e.g. (???) commercial airfield suitable for heavy landplanes. Exception: the sign (???) is used for army air base.

d. Navy Signs: Fortifications, miscellaneous installations.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Shomen koji aru yomaichi	Fortified none with forward defenses
2		Eikyu hodai	Permanent battery
3		Kasetsu hodai	Temporary battery
4		Jissun ijo no kotei hodai	Fixed batteries for guns of 10 inches and over
5		Jissun miman no kotei hodai	Fixed batteries for guns of less than 10 inches
6		Kodaku hodai	Dual purpose gun battery NOTE: The number of guns is shown by cross lines, and the caliber in centimeters is indicated by the appropriate number, e.g. (???) 2 8-cm guns; (???) 3 12-cm dual purpose guns.
7		Resshaho mata wo kenioho	Railway or tractor drawn gun
8		Koshaho	High angle gun
9		Kikanju	Machine gun
10		Kiju tochika	Machine gun pill box
11		Danyakuko mata wo dokugasu	Ammunition or poison gas storage
12		Gyorai soko	Torpedo magazine
13		Bosemmo chozosho	Storage for anti-submarine nets
14		Heisha	Barracks
15		Rikungun heiryoku shozaichi (omune shotai ijo)	Location of military troops (in general platoon or more)
16		Junkeitai chuzaichi (50 meijo)	Location of patrol unit (50 men or more)
17		Shinsui wo kyokyu shiuru chiten	Fresh water supply point
18		Kijunten	Base point
19		Tanshoto	Searchlight NOTE: The number is indicated by horizontal lines within the circle, the size by the appropriate number, e.g. (???), 2 150-cm searchlights.
20		Miharijo; shingoshi	Lookout station; signal station
21		Boro	Coastal signal station
22		Keiryu kikyu	Captive balloon
23		Todai	Lighthouse
24		Musen denshinjo	Fixed radio station (general)
25		Idoshiki musen denshinjo	Mobile (ship) radio
26		Kaigun musen denshinjo	Navy radiotelegraph station
27		Rikugun musen denshinjo	Army raditelegraph station
28		Sono ta no musen denshinjo	Radiotelegraph station (other than army or navy).
29		Musen denwasho	radiotelephone station
30		Suichu choonki	Underwater listening device (hydrophone)
31		Dampa tanshingi	Radar
32		Suirai fusetsu chitai	Mine field
33		Dempatsu suirai fusetsu chitai	Electrically fired mine fileld

3. SPECIAL NAVAL LANDING FORCE SIGNS.
NOTE: The following signs have been compiled from various sources and are not considered complete or necessarily standard for all special naval landing forces. Although Navy signs are used wherever appropriate (e.g. the basic sign for aircraft), most of the signs are identical or similar to the corresponding Army signs because the functions and equipment of naval landing forces resemble more closely those of the Army than of the Navy.

Num	Symbol	Japanese Term	English Term
1		Rikusentai hombu; rikusentai shikikan	Special naval landing force headquarters; Special naval landing force commander.
2		Daitai hombu; daitaicho	Battalion headquarters; battalion commander
3		Chutaicho	Company commander
4		Shotaicho	Platoon commander
5		Kashikan	Noncommissioned officer
6		Hei	Private
7		Sempeicho	Advance or rear guard leader
8		Sempei	Advance or rear guard
9		Shoko sekko	Officer patrol
10		Sakko	Patrol
11		Shiki shotai	Command platoon
12		Butai	Unit
13		Fuzokutai	Attached unit
14		Kogunjutai	Column on the march
15		Hontai	Main unit
16		Yobitai	Reserve unit
17		Tsujo kogun	Ordinaryu march
18		Keikai kogun	March on the alert
19		Sampei	Skirmishers
20		Shukogeki hoko	Direction of main attack
21		Zenshin hoko	Direction of advance
22		Shageki hoko	Direction of fire
23		Keikai zenshin	Advance on the alert
24		Keikai zokko	Bringing the rear on the alert
25		Koei sempei	Rear party of rear guard
26		Keikikanju	Light machine gun
27		Kikanju	Machine gun
28		Jinchi ni tsukitaru kikanju nicho	2 machine guns in position
29		Kikanjutai	Machine gun unit
30		Kikanjutai no jutai	Machine gun unit in column formation
31		Jidokaki	Automatic weapon
32		Ho	Gun
33		Sampo	Mountain gun
34		Hotai fuzuku danyakutai	Ammunition unit attached to artillery unit
35		Sokushaho (koguntaikei)	Antitank gun (march formation)
36		Jinchi ni tsukitaru sokushasho	Antitank gun in position
37		Jutekidanto	Heavy grenade discharger
38		Kyokushaho	High angle gun (mortar)
39		Hakugekiho	Trench mortar
40		Kaen hasshaki	Flame thrower
41		Hikoki	Airplane
42		Kokutai	Air unit
43		Hikojo	Airfield
44		Koshaho	Antiaircraft gun
45		Jinchi ni tsukitaru koshaho	Antiaircraft guns in position
46		Tanshoto	Searchlight (land)
47		Shingosho	Signal station
48		Musen denshinjo	Radiotelegrah station
49		Denwaki oyobi denwasen	Telephone instruments and line
50		Tsushintai	Signal unit
51		Sensha	Tank
52		Kogata sensha	Small type tank (tankette)
53		Jidosha	Motor car
54		Sokosha	Armored car
55		Joyosha	Passenger car
56		Keninsha	Tractor truck
57		Sokusha	Sidecar
58		Kijusha	Machine gun carrier
59		Jitensha	Bicycle
60		Yobi danyakutai	Reserve ammunition unit
61		Kosakutai	Construction unit
62		Shukeitai	Intendance unit
63		Suijijo	Field kitchen
64		Imutai	Medical unit
65		Tangatai	Stretcher unit
66		Chiryojo	Medical treatment station
67		Hotaijo	Dressing station
68		Jinchi	Position
69		Tetsujomo	Wire entanglements
70		Kyuba (ido tetsujomo)	Movable wire entanglement
71		Sandoku chitai	Gas contaminated area
72		Senshago	Tank trap
73		Sozetsu shitaru hashi	Barricaded bridge
74		Hakai shitaru hashi	Destroyed bridge

SECTION IV - MILITARY MAP ABBREVIATIONS

1. ARMY ABBREVIATIONS

Abbreviation	Japanese	English
A	Gun	Army.
A	Yahohci	Field artillery.
AA	Kos hahotai ; koshaho jinchi	Antiaircraft artillery unit; antiaircraft artillery position.
AAS	Dokuritsu koshahotai	Independent AA unit.
ab	Hikojo daitai	Airfield battalion.
ac	Hikojo chutai	Airfield company.
AE	Yasen kisho butai	Field meteorological unit.
AL	Hyoteitai	Plotting unit (artillery)
AM	Hohei danyaku	Artillery ammunition.

NOTE.
The kind of ammunition is represented as follows :
- BAM, Mountain artillery ammunition.
- SAM, Medium artillery ammunition.

Abbreviation	Japanese	English
AMT	Hohei danyaku chutai	Artillery ammunition company.
AN	Hohei johotai	Artillery intelligence unit.
AP	Keikyu shugojo	Alarm post.
AQ	Shokutai	Search light unit.
AQS	Dokuritsn shokntai	Independent searchlight unit.
AS	0ngentai	Sound locator unit (artillery).
AT	Roknchitai	Land survey unit (artillery).
ATK	Hosensha (tai)	Tank destroyer (unit).
ATL	Tsushintai bombu	Army signal unit headquarters.
B	Ryodan, mata wa kore nijunzuru mono.	Brigade, or its equivalent.
b	Daitai	Batallion
BA	Sampohei	Mountain artillery
BAS	Dokuritsu sampohei	Independent mountain artillery
BAM	Sampohei danyaku	(See AM above)
BG	Yasen sakuseitai	Field well-constructiou unit
biA	Daitaihotai	Infantry battalion gun unit.
BiZ	Hohei ryodan gasn butai	Infantry brigade gas unit.
BK	Gakyo zairyo ch11tai	Bridging materiel company.

Abbreviation	Japanese	English
BM	Ryodan danyakuhan	Brigade ammunition section.
Bo (BO)	Boeki ky usuibu	Water supply and purification unit
BS	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan	Independent mixed brigade
BSAA	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan koshahotai	Independent mixed Brigade AA unit.
BSP	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan kohei.	Independent mixed brigade engineer unit.
BTL	Hohei ryodan tsush intai (han).	Infantry brigade signal unit (section).
C	Gundan	Corps (not p11rt of the Japanese Army organization).
c	Chutai	Company.
D	Shidan	Division.
DK	Shidan kihei	Division cavalrv.
DO	Yasen dorotai	Field road unit
DP	Shidan kohei	Division engineers.
DT	Shidan shicho	Division transport.
DTL	Shidan tsushintai	Division signal unit.
E	Tetsudotai	Railwav unit.
EB	Tetsudo ryodan	Railway brigade.
F	Teki	Enemy.
FA	Yosai hohei	Fortress artillery.
FA	Kokugan (formerly kokuheidan)	Air army.
FB	Hiko (ryo) dan	Air brigade.
Fc	Hikochutai	Air company.
FD	Hikoshidan	Air division.
FeA	JuhoheL	Heavy artillery.
FeAS	Dokuritsu juhohei	Independent heavy artillery.
FIS	Dokuritsu koku chikutai	Independent air sector unit.
FL	Yasen byoin	Field hospital.
FM	Hikobutai	Air unit.
FN	Koku johotai	Air intelligence unit.
FP	Yosai kobei	Fortress engineers.
FR	Hikosentai (rentai)	Air regiment.

Note:
Reconnaissance , fighter, or bomber aircraft are shown by putting O, C, or B respectively on the lower right side of the abbreviation. Similarly, light, heavy, or long range aircraft are shown by L, S, or T respectively.

Examples:
FRo : Air regiment (Reconnaissence aircraft)
FRsc: Air regiment (Heavy fighter aircraft)
FRlb: Air regiment (light bomber aircraft)

Abbreviation	Japanese	English
FS	Yasen kanja shuyotai	Field casualty collecting unit.
FTL	Koku tsushinyai	Air signal unit.
FW	Hikojo setteitai.	Airdrome construction unit.
G	Konoe	Imperial Guards.
GAP	Keikyu daishugojo	Grand alarm post.
Gr	Jidosha (hikoki) nenryo	Automobile (aviation) fuel
H	Ryudampo	Howitzer

2. NAVY ABBREVIATIONS

NUM	Abbreviation	Japanese Term	English Term
1	A	Koku bokan	Aircraft carrier
2	a	Suijo hikoki	Seaplane
3	Aa (A*)	Hikotei (hikosen ?)	Flying boat (dirigible ?)
4	AB	Kushu butai	Air attack force
5	aBg	Tokkubetsu konkyochitai	Special base unit
6	AdB	Zenshin butai	Advancing force
7	AF	Koku kantai	Air fleet
8	AG	Tokusetsu hokan	Auxiliary gunboat
9	As or A*	Suijoki bokan	Seaplane tender
10	AtB	Fuzoku butai	Attached force
11	B	Sentokan; senkan	Battleship
12	BC	Junyo senkan	Battle-cruiser
13	BG	Bobitai	Naval defense force
14	Bg	Konkyochitai	Base unit

CHAPTER XIII - MILITARY TERMS AND CHARACTERS

The following is a list of military terms and their Japanese equivalent in Romanji and characters which may be useful.

1. ORGANIZATIONS AND UNITS - TERMS AND CHARACTERS

Num	Military term	Japanese equivalent	Character
1	Air	Hiko, koku
2	- army	kokugun
3	- brigade	Hikodan
4	-division	Hiko shidan
5	-intelligence unit	Koku johotai
6	-regiment	Hiko sentai
7	-signal unit	Koku tsushintai
8	-company	Hiko chutai
9	-training brigade	Kyodo hikodan
10	-training company	Kyoiku hiko chutai
11	-transport unit	Koku yusotai
12	Direct cooperation unit	Chokkyo hikotai
13	Field - replacement unit	Yasen hoju kikotai
14	Independent - company (unit)	Dokuritsu hiko chutai (tai)
15	Raiding - company	Teishin hiko chutai
16	Airfield	Hikojo
17	Airfield - battalion (company)	Hikojo daitai (chutai)
18	Airfield - training battalion	Kyodo hikojo daitai
19	Field - construction unit	Yasen hikojo setteitai
20	Amphibious battalion	Kaijo kido daitai
21	Antiaircraft artillery	Koshaho
22	Antiaircraft artillery - regiment	Koshaho rentai
23	Cavalry brigade - unit	Kihei ryodan koshahotai
24	Field - battalion	Yasen Koshaho daitai
25	Independent - battalion	Dokuritsu koshabo daitai
26	Independent field - company	Dokuritsu yasen koshaho chutai
27	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan koshahotai
28	Shipping regiment	Sempaku koshaho rentai
29	Antiaircraft defense	Boku
30	Antiaircraft defense - regiment	Boku rentai
31	Antiaircraft defense - battalion unit	Boku kikyutai
32	Antiaircraft defense - observation unit	Boku kanshitai
33	Field - unit	Yasen bokutai
34	Independent - battalion	Dokuritsu boku daitai
35	Anti-tank gun	Sokushaho
36	Cavalry brigade unit	Kibei ryodan sokushahotai
37	Independent - Battalion (company)	Dokuritsu sokushaho daitai (chutai)
38	Armored car	Sokosha
39	Independent - Company	Dokuritsu sokosha chutai
40	Independent light company	Dokuritsu keishokha chutai
41	Infantry group company	Hoheidan sokosha chutai
42	Armored train	Soko ressha
43	Armored train - Unit	Soko resshatai
44	Army	Gun
45	Army commander	Gun shireikan
46	Army district	Gunkanku
47	Army headquarters	Gun shireibu
48	Area Army	Homengun
49	Artillery	Hobei
50	Artillery command	Hohei shireibu
51	Artillery group	Hoheidan
52	Artillery intelligence (observation) regiment	Hohei joho rentai
53	Artillery unit	Hoheitai
54	Border garrison unit	Kokkyo shubitai hoheitai
55	Cavalry brigade unit	Kihei ryodan hoheitai
56	Fortress heavy regiment	Yosai juhohei rentai
57	Field regiment	Yohohei rentai
58	Heavy equipment	Juhohei rentai
59	Horse regiment	Kihohei rentai
60	Independent field battalion (regiment)	Dokuritsu yahohei daitai (rentai)
61	Independent garrison unit	Dokuritsu shubitai hoheitai
62	Independant heavy battalion (conpany)	Dokuritsu juhohei daitai (chutai)
63	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan hoheitai
64	Independent mountain (pack) Bn (regt)	Dokuritsu sampohei daitai (rentai)
65	Medium battalion (regiment)	Yasen juhohei daitai (rentai)
66	Mountain (pack) regiment	Sampohei rentai
67	Shipping regiment training unit	Sempaku hohei rentai kyoikutai
68	Balloon	Kikyu
69	Balloon company (regiment)	Kikyu chutai (rentai)
70	Battalion	Daitai
71	Battalion commander	Daitaicho
72	Battalion headquarters	Daitai hombu
73	Board of field marshals and fleet admirals	Gensuifu
74	Border garrison	Kokkyo shubitai
75	Bridge building material company	Gakyo zairyo chutai
76	Brigade	Ryodan
77	Brigade commander	Ryodancho
78	Brigade headquarters	Ryodan shireibu
79	Casualty clearing station	Kanja yusobu
80	Cavalry	Kihei
81	Cavalry battalion	Kihei daitai
82	Cavalry brigade	Kihei ryodan
83	Cavalry group	Kihei shudan
84	Cavalry regiment	Kihei rentai
85	Company	Chutai
86	Company commander	Chutaicho
87	Construction duty company	Kenehiku himmu chutai
88	Debarkation group (unit)	Yorikudan (tai)
89	Depot	Sho
90	Field freight	Yasen kamotsusho
91	Field motor transport	Yasen jidoshasho
92	Field ordnance	Yasen heikisho
93	Field remount	Yasen hoju basho
94	Depot division	Rusu shidan
95	Detail	Han
96	Division	Shidan
97	Division commander	Shidancho
98	Division district	Shikan
99	Division headquarters	Shidan shireibu
100	Depot	Rusu shidan
101	Engineer	Kohei
102	Engineer regiment	Kohei rentai
103	Engineer unit	Koheitai
104	Border garrison unit	Kokkyo shubitai koheitai
105	Cavalry brigade	Kihei ryodan koheitai
106	Division unit	Shidan koheitai
107	Fortress unit	Yosai koheitai
108	Independent battalion (co. reg.)	Dokuritsu kohei daitai (chutai, rentai)
109	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan koheitai
110	Shipping regiment	Sempaku kihei rentai
111	Tank group unit	Senshadan koheitai
112	Field construction unit	Yasen kenchikutai
113	Field duty unit	Yasen kimmutai
114	Field replacement unit	Yasen hojutai
115	Field road unit	Yasen dorotai
116	Field well-construction company	Yasen sakusei chutai
117	Fortress	Yosai
118	Fortress headquarters	Yosai shireibu
119	Garrison	Shubitai
120	Border	Kokkyo shubitai
121	Independent	Dokuritsu shubitai
122	Gas	Gasu
123	Gas battalion	Gasu daitai
124	Field company	Yasen gasu chutai
125	Independent company	Dokuritsu gasu chuta
126	General defense headquarters	Boei soshireibu
127	General staff	Sambo hombu
128	Hospital	Byoin
129	Army hospital	Rikugun byoin
130	Field hospital	Yasen byoin
131	Line of communication	Heitau byoin
132	Line of communication veterinary	Heitan byobasho
133	Veterinary quarantine	Gumba boekisho
134	Imperial headquarters	Daihonei
135	Independent mixed brigade	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan
136	Independent mixed regiment	Dokuritsu konsei rentai
137	Infantry	Hohei
138	Infantry brigade	Hohei ryodan
139	Infantry group	Hoheidan
140	Infantry mortar battalion (regiment)	Hakugeki daitai (rentai)
141	Infantry regiment	KHohei rentai
142	Border garrison unit	Kokkyo shubitai hoheitai
143	Fortress unit	Yosai hoheitai
144	Independent battalion (regiment,unit)	Dokuritsu hohei daitai (rentai, tai)
145	Independent garrison battalion	Dokuritau shubitai hohei daitai
146	Inspectorate general of aviation	Rikugun koku sokambu
147	Inspectorate general of military training	Kyoiku sokambu
148	Land duty company	Rikujo kimmu chutai
149	Launching unit (boat)	hansui sagyotai
150	Line of communication garrison	Heitan shubitai
151	Machine cannon	Kikanho
152	Field conpany	Yasen kikanho chutai
153	Medical	Eisei
154	Medical unit	Eiseitai
155	Medical division unit	Shidan eiseitai
156	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan eiseitai
157	Line of communication unit	Reitan eiseitai
158	Meteorological	Kisho
159	Meteorological company (regiment,unit)	Kisho chutai (rentai, tai)
160	Field battalion (unit)	Yasenkisho dauitai (tai)
161	Military affairs district	Heijiku
162	Mortar (artillery)	kyuho
163	Independent battalion (regiment)	Dokuritsu kyuho daitai (rentai)
164	Motor transport	(See transport)
165	Platoon	Shotai
166	Platoon commander	Shotaicho
167	Radio	Musen
168	Radio fixed unit	Kotei musentai
169	Radio special location unit	Tokushu musen hyoteitai
170	Radio special unit	Tokushu musentai
171	Raiding	Teishin
172	Raiding group	Teishindan
173	Raiding regiment	Teishin rentai
174	Raiding training regiment	Kyodo Teishin rentai
175	Railway	Tetsudo
176	Railway inspectorate	Tetsudo kambu
177	Railway regiment	Tetsudo rentai
178	Railway transport command	Tetsudo yuso shireibu
179	Railway Field command	Yasen testudo shireibu
180	Special command	Tokusetsu tetsudo shireibu
181	Reonnaissance	Sosaku
182	Reconnaissance regiment	Sosaku rentai
183	Reconnaissance unit	Sosakutai
184	Regiment	Rentai
185	Regiment commander	Rentaicho
186	Regiment district	Rentaiku
187	Regiment headquarters	Rentai hombu
188	Independent mixed	Dokuritsu konsei rentai
189	Replacement unit	Hojutai
190	Field	Yasen hojutai
191	River crossing material company	Toka zairyo chutai
192	Sea transport observation unit	Kaijo yuso kanshitai
193	Searchlight	Shoku
194	Searchlight battalion	Shoku daitai
195	Searchlight field battalion	Yasen shoku daitai
196	Searchlight independent field company	Dokuritsu yasen shoku chutai
197	Shipping	Sempaku
198	Shipping antiaircraft artillery regiment	Sempaku koshaho rentai
199	Shipping artillery regiment training unit	Sempaku hohei rentai kyoikutai
200	Shipping engineer regiment	Sempaku kohei rentai
201	Shipping forces	Sempaku heidan
202	Shipping command	Sempaku shireibu
203	Shipping transport battalion	Sempaku yuso daitai
204	Shipping transport command	Sempaku yuso shireibu
205	Shipping transport sector unit	Sempaku yuso chikutai
206	Signal (see also radio, wire)	Tsushin, denshin
207	Signal regiment	Denshin rentai
208	Signal unit	Tsushintai, denshintai
209	Cavalry brigade unit	Kihei ryodan tsushintai
210	Division unit	Shidan tsushintai
211	Field company	Yasen denshin chutai
212	Fixed unit	Kotei tsushintai
213	Independent company	Dokuritsu denshin chutai
214	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan tsushintai
215	Shipping regiment	Sempaku tsushin rentai
216	Squad	Buntai
217	Squad leader	Buntaicho
218	Supreme military council	Gunji sangiin
219	Survey unit	Sokuryotai
220	Tank	Sensha
221	Tank group	Senshadan
222	Tank regiment	Sensha rentai
223	Cavalry brigade unit	Kihei ryodan senshatai
224	Division unit	Shidan senshatai
225	Independent mixed brigade unit	Dokuritsu konsei ryodan senshatai
226	Tractor company	Keninsha chutai
227	Transport	Shichohei
228	Transport regiment	Shichohei rentai
229	Transport cavalry brigade unit	Kihei ryodan shichoheitai
230	Transport division unit	Shidan shichoheitai
231	Independent battalion (company,regiment)	Dokuritsu shichoheidaitai (chutai, rentai)
232	Motor regiment	Jidosha rentai
233	Field motor depot	Yasen jidoshasho
234	Independent motor battalion (company)	Dokuritsu jidosha daitai (chutai)
235	Independent mixed brigade motor unit	Dokuritsu kinsei ryodan jidoshatai
236	Line of communication motor co (unit)	Heitan jidosha chutai (tai)
237	Special motor regiment	Tokusetsu jidosha rentai
238	War ministry	Rikugunsho
239	Sea duty company	Suijo kimmu chutai
240	Water supply and purification department	Boeki kyusuibu
241	Wire	Yusen
242	independent company	Dokuritsu yusen chutai

2. ARMS AND SERVICES - TERMS AND CHARACTERS

Num	Military term	Japanese equivalent	Character
1	Air	Koku
2	Air troops	Hikohei
3	Balloon troops	Kikyuhei
4	Branch of service	Heishu
5	Cavalry	Kihei
6	Chemical warfare servce	Kahei
7	Engineers	Kohei
8	Field artillery	Yahohei
9	Field and mountain artillery*	Yasampo
10	Heavy artillery	Juhohei
11	Horse artillery	Kihohei
12	Infantry	Hohei
13	Infantry mortar troops	Hakugekihei
14	Intelligence (observation troops)	Johohei
15	Intendance department	Keiribu
16	Construction technician	Kengi
17	Finance	Shukei
18	Intendance technician	Keigi
19	Judicial department	Homubu
20	Line branch	Heika
21	Line branch	Heika
22	Mechanized *	Kiko
23	Medical department	Eiseibu
24	Dental *	Shika
25	Pharmacy *	Yakusai
26	Sanitary	Eisei
27	Surgeon	Gun-i
28	Ward master	Ryoko
29	Medium artillery	Yasen juhohei
30	Meteorological troops	Kishobei
31	Military band	Gungakubu
32	Military police	Kempei
33	Mountain (pack) artillery troops	Sampohei
34	Railway troops	Tetsudohei
35	Services	Kakubu
36	Shipping troops	Sempakuhei
37	Signal	Denshin
38	Signal troops	Tsushinhei
39	Special motor transport *	Tokuji
40	Tank troops	Senshahei
41	Technical department	Gijutsubu
42	Technician	Heigi
43	Air technician	Kogi
44	Transport troops	Shichohei
45	Veterinary department	Juibu
46	Veterinary	Jui
47	Veterinary duty	Juimu

* Items marked with an asterisk apply to officer personnel only.

3. RANKS AND GRADES - TERMS AND CHARACTERS

Num	Military term	Japanese equivalent	Character
1	Field marshal	Gensui
2	General officer	Shokan
3	General	Taisho
4	Lieutenant general	Chujo
5	Major general	Shosho
6	Field officer	Sakan
7	Colonel	Taisa
8	Lieutenant colonel	Chusa
9	Major	Shosa
10	Company officer	Ikan
11	Captain	Tai-i
12	First lieutenant	Chu-i
13	Second lieutenant	Sho-i
14	Warrant officer	Junshikan
15	Warrant officer	Jun-i
16	Noncommissioned officer	Kashikan
17	Sergeant major	Socho
18	Sergeant	Gunso
19	Corporal	Gocho
20	Private	Hei
21	Lance corporal (leading private)	Heicho
22	Superior private	Jotohei
23	First class private	Ittohei
24	Second class private	Nitohei

4. WEAPONS - TERMS AND CHARACTERS

Num	Military term	Japanese equivalent	Character
1	Antiaircraft gun	Koshaho
2	Antiaircraft machine cannon	Kosha kikanho
3	Antiaircraft machine gun	Kosha kikanjo
4	Antitank gun	Sokushaho
5	Automatic gun	Jidoho
6	Battalion gun	Daitaiho
7	Bayonet	Juken
8	Cannon	Kanon
9	Carbine	Kijo
10	Field gun	Yaho
11	Grenade discharger	Tekidanto
12	Heavy	Jutekidanto
13	Hand grenade	Shuryudan
14	Howitzer	Ryudampo
15	Infantry gun	Hoheibo
16	Flat trajectory	Heisha Hoheiho
17	Curved fire	Kyokusha hoheiho
18	Infantry mortar	Hakugekiho
19	Machine cannon	Kikanho
20	Machine gun	Kikanju
21	Heavy	Jukikanju
22	Light	Keikikanju
23	Mortar (artillery)	Kyuho
24	Mountain gun	Sampo
25	Pistol	Kenju
26	Regimental gun	Rentaiho
27	Rifle	Shoju

5. MISCELLANEOUS - TERMS AND CHARACTERS

Num	Military term	Japanese equivalent	Character
1	Adjutant	Fukkan
2	Assistant chief of staff	Sambo fukucho
3	Attached army headquarters	Gun shireibu zuki
4	Chief of general staff	Sambo socho
5	Chief of staff	Sambocho
6	Combat train	Shokori
7	Conscription system	Chohei seido
8	Field train	Daikori
9	Greater East Asia War	Dai Toa Sen
10	Imperial Reservists Association	Teikoku Zaigo Gunjinksi
11	Military administrator	Gunseikan
12	Military service	Hei-eki
13	Operational order	Sakusen meirei
14	Prisoner of war	Furyo
15	Prisoner of war internment camp	Furyo shuyojo
16	Probational officer	Minarai shikan
17	Promotion	Shinkyu
18	Reserve officer candidate	Kambu kohosei
19	Routine order	Nichi nichi meirei
20	Special volunteer officer	Tokubetsu shigan shoko
21	Staff officer	Sambo
22	Yasakuni shrine	Yasukuni Jinja

6 - JAPANESE - ENGLISH MILITARY DICTIONARY

Num	Military term	English equivalent	Num	Military term	English equivalent
1	Boei Soshireibu	General Defense Headquarters.	17	-cho	Company commander.
2	Boeki kyusuibu	Water supply and purification department.	18	Dai Toa Sen	Greater East Asia War.
3	Boku	Antiaircraft defense.	19	Daihonei	Imperial Headquarters.
4	Boku-kanshitai	Antiaircraft defense observation unit.	20	Daikori	Field train.
5	Boku-kikyutai	Antiaircraft defense ballon -unit.	21	Daitai	Battalion.
6	Boku-rentai	Antiaircraft defense regiment.	22	-cho	Battalion commander.
7	Bokuhei	Antiaircraft defense troops.	23	-ho	Battalion gun.
8	Buntai	Squad.	24	-hombu	Battalion headquarters.
9	-cho	Squad leader.	25	Denshin	Signal.
10	Byoin	Hospital.	26	- rentai (tai)	Signal regiment (unit).
11	Chohei seido	Conscription system.	27	Dokuritsu	Independent.
12	Chokkyo hikotai	Direct co-operation air unit.	28	-boku daitai	Independent antiaircraft defense battalion.
13	Chu-i	First lieutenant.	29	-denshin chutai	Independent signal company.
14	Chujo	Lieutenant general.	30	-gasu ch11tai	Independent gas company.
15	Chusa	Lieutenant colonel.	31	-hiko chutai (tai)	Independent air cqmpany (unit).
16	Chutai	Company.	32	-hohei daitai (rentai, tai)	Independent infantry battalion, (regiment, unit)

APPENDIX - SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

1. JAPANESE YEAR DATES

Year of Meiji	American year	Year of Meiji	American year
1st	1868	24th	1891
2nd	1869	25th	1892
3rd	1870	26th	1893
4th	1871	27th	1894
5th	1872	28TH	1895
6th	1873	29th	1896
7th	1874	30th	1897
8th	1875	31st	1898
9th	1876	32nd	1899
10th	1877	33rd	1900
11th	1878	34th	1901
12th	1879	35th	1902
13th	1880	36th	1903
14th	1881	37th	1904
15th	1882	38th	1905
16th	1883	39th	1906
17th	1884	40th	1907
18th	1885	41st	1908
19th	1886	42nd	1909
20th	1887	43rd	1910
21st	1888	44th	1911
22nd	1889	45th	1912 (taisho)
23rd	1890

Year of Taisho	American year
1st	1912 (Taisho)
2nd	1913
3rd	1914
4th	1915
5th	1916
6th	1917
7th	1918
8th	1919
9th	1920
10th	1921
11th	1922
12th	1923
13th	1924
14th	1925
15th	1926 (Showa)

Year of Showa	American year	Year of Showa	American year
1st	1926 (Showa)	11th	1936
2nd	1927	12th	1937
3rd	1928	13th	1938
4th	1929	14th	1939
5th	1930	15th	1940
6th	1931	16th	1941
7th	1932	17th	1942
8th	1933	18th	1943
9th	1934	19th	1944
10th	1935

NOTE: When Japanese year dates are given the year may be found as follows:

In the Meiji period, add the Japanese year date to 1867.
In the Taisho period, add the Japanese year date to 1911.
In the Showa (present) period, add the Japanese year date to 1925.

For example Meiji 13 is 1880. Taisho 13 is 1924, adn Showa 13 is 1938.

2. JAPANESE WEIGHTS, MEASURES AND MONEYS DURING WWII

a. WWII Japanese Distance and length

1)	Ri	=	36 cho	=	2,160 ken	=	2.4403 miles	=	3.92727 Kilometers
2)	Ri (marine)	=	1 nautical mile	=	1.85319 Kilometers
3)	Ken	=	6 shaku	=	60 sun	=	5.965163 feet	=	1.81818 meters
4)	shaku	=	10 sun	=	100 bu	=	0.994194 feet	=	0.30303 meter
5)	Shaku (cloth measure)	=	1.25 shaku
6)	Tan (cloth measure)	=	A roll of about 25 shaku

b. WWII Japanese Land measure

1)	Square Ri	=	1,296 square Cho	=	5.95516 square miles	=	15.52345 square kilometers
2)	Cho (area)	=	10 Tan	=	3,000 tsubo	=	2.45065 acres	=	99.17355 ares
3)	Tsubo or Bu	=	3.95369 square yards	=	3.30579 centiares
4)	Ko (Formosa)	=	2,934 tsubo

c. WWII Japanese Quantity, capacity, and cubic measures

					4.96005 bushels
					47.65389 gallons
Koku	=	10 to	=	100	(Liquid) USA	=	1.80391 hectoliters
Sho	=				5.11902 bushels
					(Dry) USA

Go	=	10th of Sho.
Koku (capacity of vessels)	=	10th of a shipping ton
Koku (timber)	=	About 1 by 1 by 10 feet
Koku (fish)	=	40 Kwan (in weight)
Shakujime (timber)	=	About 1 by 1 by 12
Taba (fagot, etc.)	=	About 3 by 3 by 6

d. WWII Japanese Weights

Kwan (kan)

1,000 momme

8.267 pounds avoir-dupois

3.75000 kilograms

Kim

160 momme

1.32277 pounds avoir-dupois
1.60754 pounds troy

0.60000 kilograms.

Momme

10 fun

0.13228 ounce avoirdupois
0.12057 ounce troy

3.75000 grams

3. WWII JAPANESE METHOD OF NUMBERING MILITARY WEAPON MODELS

a. Before 1926 the model number of weapons and equipment was indicated by the year of the reign in which the model was adopted. Since 1926 the model has been numbered from what is assumed to be the date of the founding of the Japanese Empire. The last two digits of this number are used up to the year 1940. Models adopted in 1940 are simply designated as "0" (Zero). MOdels adopted in 1941 are designated "1" and so on.

b. A comparative table indicating the Western year, the Japanese year, and the model number corresponding thereto follows:

Number	Western year	Japanese year	Model No.
1	1930	2590	90
2	1931	2591	91
3	1932	2592	92
4	1933	2593	93
5	1934	2594	94
6	1935	2595	95
7	1936	2596	96
8	1937	2597	97
9	1938	2598	98
10	1939	2599	99
11	1940	2600	0
12	1941	2601	1
13	1942	2602	2
14	1943	2603	3
15	1944	2604	4

c. This method of marking equipment is in general use in both the army and the navy for numbering types of equipment, including airplanes, tanks, pieces of ordnance, etc.