CHAPTER 12 - SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION




TABLE OF CONTENTS








APPENDIX - SUPPLEMENTAL DATA


1. JAPANESE YEAR DATES

Year of Meiji American year Year of Meiji American year
1st 1868 24th 1891
2nd 1869 25th 1892
3rd 1870 26th 1893
4th 1871 27th 1894
5th 1872 28TH 1895
6th 1873 29th 1896
7th 1874 30th 1897
8th 1875 31st 1898
9th 1876 32nd 1899
10th 1877 33rd 1900
11th 1878 34th 1901
12th 1879 35th 1902
13th 1880 36th 1903
14th 1881 37th 1904
15th 1882 38th 1905
16th 1883 39th 1906
17th 1884 40th 1907
18th 1885 41st 1908
19th 1886 42nd 1909
20th 1887 43rd 1910
21st 1888 44th 1911
22nd 1889 45th 1912 (taisho)
23rd 1890




Year of Taisho American year
1st 1912 (Taisho)
2nd 1913
3rd 1914
4th 1915
5th 1916
6th 1917
7th 1918
8th 1919
9th 1920
10th 1921
11th 1922
12th 1923
13th 1924
14th 1925
15th 1926 (Showa)


Year of Showa American year Year of Showa American year
1st 1926 (Showa) 11th 1936
2nd 1927 12th 1937
3rd 1928 13th 1938
4th 1929 14th 1939
5th 1930 15th 1940
6th 1931 16th 1941
7th 1932 17th 1942
8th 1933 18th 1943
9th 1934 19th 1944
10th 1935

NOTE: When Japanese year dates are given the year may be found as follows:

In the Meiji period, add the Japanese year date to 1867.
In the Taisho period, add the Japanese year date to 1911.
In the Showa (present) period, add the Japanese year date to 1925.

For example Meiji 13 is 1880. Taisho 13 is 1924, adn Showa 13 is 1938.





2. JAPANESE WEIGHTS, MEASURES AND MONEYS DURING WWII

a. WWII Japanese Distance and length

1) Ri = 36 cho = 2,160 ken = 2.4403 miles = 3.92727 Kilometers
2) Ri (marine) = 1 nautical mile = 1.85319 Kilometers
3) Ken = 6 shaku = 60 sun = 5.965163 feet = 1.81818 meters
4) shaku = 10 sun = 100 bu = 0.994194 feet = 0.30303 meter
5) Shaku (cloth measure) = 1.25 shaku
6) Tan (cloth measure) = A roll of about 25 shaku






b. WWII Japanese Land measure

1) Square Ri = 1,296 square Cho = 5.95516 square miles = 15.52345 square kilometers
2) Cho (area) = 10 Tan = 3,000 tsubo = 2.45065 acres = 99.17355 ares
3) Tsubo or Bu = 3.95369 square yards = 3.30579 centiares
4) Ko (Formosa) = 2,934 tsubo


c. WWII Japanese Quantity, capacity, and cubic measures

4.96005 bushels
47.65389 gallons
Koku = 10 to = 100 (Liquid) USA = 1.80391 hectoliters
Sho = 5.11902 bushels
(Dry) USA


Go = 10th of Sho.
Koku (capacity of vessels) = 10th of a shipping ton
Koku (timber) = About 1 by 1 by 10 feet
Koku (fish) = 40 Kwan (in weight)
Shakujime (timber) = About 1 by 1 by 12
Taba (fagot, etc.) = About 3 by 3 by 6



d. WWII Japanese Weights

Kwan (kan) = 1,000 momme = 8.267 pounds avoir-dupois = 3.75000 kilograms


Kim = 160 momme = 1.32277 pounds avoir-dupois
1.60754 pounds troy 		= 0.60000 kilograms.


Momme = 10 fun = 0.13228 ounce avoirdupois
0.12057 ounce troy 		= 3.75000 grams




3. WWII JAPANESE METHOD OF NUMBERING MILITARY WEAPON MODELS

a. Before 1926 the model number of weapons and equipment was indicated by the year of the reign in which the model was adopted. Since 1926 the model has been numbered from what is assumed to be the date of the founding of the Japanese Empire. The last two digits of this number are used up to the year 1940. Models adopted in 1940 are simply designated as "0" (Zero). MOdels adopted in 1941 are designated "1" and so on.

b. A comparative table indicating the Western year, the Japanese year, and the model number corresponding thereto follows:

Number Western year Japanese year Model No.
1 1930 2590 90
2 1931 2591 91
3 1932 2592 92
4 1933 2593 93
5 1934 2594 94
6 1935 2595 95
7 1936 2596 96
8 1937 2597 97
9 1938 2598 98
10 1939 2599 99
11 1940 2600 0
12 1941 2601 1
13 1942 2602 2
14 1943 2603 3
15 1944 2604 4
c. This method of marking equipment is in general use in both the army and the navy for numbering types of equipment, including airplanes, tanks, pieces of ordnance, etc.